CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 33, No 2, March/April 2022 76 AFRICA were male). Demographic features and patients’ characteristics are listed in Table 1. Mean duration of the operation was 290.70 ± 53.02 minutes and median aortic cross-clamp time was 65.5 minutes (56–76). Postoperative drainage volumes at the 12th and 24th hours were 476 ml (50–1 100) and 573 ml (150–1 350), respectively. Median length of hospital stay was 6 (6–8) days. In-hospital mortality occurred in 2% of the patients (Table 2). The changes inblood test results throughout thehospitalisation are presented in Table 3. There was a significant decrease of 7.77% in IPC on the day of operation. Pre-operative IPC and IPF were correlated with postoperative drainage (p < 0.001), intra-operative blood transfusion (p < 0.001) and intensive care unit (ICU) blood transfusion (p < 0.001). Pre-operative haemoglobin levels were significantly correlated with the length of hospital stay (Table 4). Platelet values o f the patients decreased by 17.81% on the day of the operation, 13.77% on the first postoperative day and 13.14% on the third day, and this decrease was statistically significant (p < 0.001, respectively). A significant decrease was observed in IPC on the day of the operation (p < 0.001). Platelet counts of the patients increased on the postoperative fifth day (Table 5). Changes in platelet IPC, IPF and MPV of all patients are shown in Fig. 1. Discussion We hypothesised that IPC and IPF would have an impact on intra- and postoperative bleeding in patients with CABG and therefore these parameters would be associated with the number or volume of transfusions. Our findings showed that pre-operative IPC and IPF were significantly negatively correlated with the amount of blood components transfused intra-operatively. Table 3. Summary of laboratory measurements Variables Pre-operative Postoperative 1st day 3rd day 5th day p-value* Haemoglobin (g/l) 12.66 (10.99–13.60) 9.40 (8.82–10.50) 9.20 (8.81–9.99) 8.72 (8.33–9.21) 9.31 (8.90–9.90) < 0.001 Platelets (×103 cells/μl) 222.00 (186.30–266.00) 170.28 (147.99–237.60) 190 (155.84–224.00) 183.15 (149.95–238.16) 255.42 (187.11–309.87) < 0.001 Mean platelet volume (fl) 10.00 (9.20–10.80) 10.40 (9.61–10.80) 10.60 (9.99–11.20) 10.49 (9.70–10.90) 10.00 (9.31–10.69) < 0.001 Immature platelet fraction (×109 cells/l) 4.30 (2.80–6.20) 4.00 (2.90–5.30) 4.70 (3.60–5.90) 4.50 (3.30–5.60) 4.00 (3.00–4.80) < 0.001 Immature platelets (%) 9.48 (6.70–12.70) 7.22 (5.20–9.21) 8.43 (6.36–11.15) 8.17 (5.78–10.56) 9.41 (7.40–12.76) < 0.001 Data are given as median (1st quartile – 3rd quartile) for continuous variables according to normality of distribution. *Friedman test. Table 4. Correlation of laboratory values and duration of ICU or hospital stay with postoperative drainage and blood use Postoperative drainage Blood components (unit) Length of stay in ICU Length of stay in hospital Variables 12th hour 24th hour Intra-operative ICU Haemoglobin (pre-operative) r 0.238* 0.187 –0.492* –0.006 –0.213* –0.291* p-value 0.003 0.022 < 0.001 0.938 0.009 < 0.001 Platelets (pre-operative) r –0.119 –0.080 0.185* –0.079 0.032 0.032 p-value 0.149 0.330 0.024 0.335 0.696 0.700 Platelets (postoperative) r –0.100 –0.198* –0.135 p-value 0.225 0.015 0.102 Platelets (1st day) r –0.097 –0.214* –0.164* p-value 0.239 0.009 0.046 MPV (pre-operative) r 0.297* 0.311* –0.288* 0.304* –0.068 –0.046 p-value < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.410 0.581 MPV (postoperative) r 0.302* –0.076 –0.089 p-value < 0.001 0.335 0.280 MPV (1st day) r 0.265* –0.097 –0.107 p-value 0.001 0.238 0.193 IPF (pre-operative) r 0.506* 0.484* –0.606* 0.385* –0.069 –0.092 p-value < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.403 0.262 IPF (postoperative) r 0.233* –0.076 –0.108 p-value 0.004 0.354 0.192 IPF (1st day) r 0.116 –0.013 0.040 p-value 0.159 0.872 0.628 Immature platelets (pre-operative) r 0.541* 0.533* –0.597* 0.424 –0.078 –0.120 p-value < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.346 0.143 Immature platelets (postoperative) r 0.079 –0.218* –0.215* p-value 0.341 0.008 0.009 Immature platelets (1st day) r 0.043 –0.117 –0.098 p-value 0.599 0.154 0.232 Length of stay in ICU r –0.112 –0.074 0.186* –0.110 – 0.834* p-value 0.176 0.368 0.023 0.181 – < 0.001 Length of stay in hospital r –0.146 –0.126 0.213* –0.134 0.834* – p-value 0.076 0.124 0.009 0.104 < 0.001 – Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (two-tailed), r: Spearman’s correlation coefficient. *Spearman’s test.
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