{"id":4325,"date":"2025-04-25T09:15:42","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T07:15:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/?p=4325"},"modified":"2025-06-09T18:43:18","modified_gmt":"2025-06-09T16:43:18","slug":"cvja-2023-038","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/","title":{"rendered":"Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study"},"content":{"rendered":"    <div id=\"article\">                                                                                                                        \r\n        <div id=\"title-container\">                                                                                                    \r\n        <div id=\"authors-title\">                                                                                                            \r\n        <!--Aurthors under Title-->                                                                                                            \r\n            Song\u00fcl Usalp, Emine Altunta\u015f, Bayram Ba\u011f\u0131rtan, Kanber \u00d6 Karabay\r\n                                                                                                            \r\n        <\/div>        \r\n<\/div>                                                                                                                            \r\n            <div id=\"copyright\">\r\n        <strong>Copyright:<\/strong> Clinics Cardive Publishing (Pty) Ltd. publisher\r\n        of Cardiovascular Journal of Africa.<\/div>\r\n    <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>                                                                                                                                \r\n        <div id=\"article-abstract\">                                                                                                            \r\n            <div id=\"abstract-title\">                                                                                                        \r\n                    Abstract                                                                                                                \r\n                <\/div>                                                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                \r\n            <div id=\"abstract-content\">                                                                                                        \r\n            <!--Content of Abstract Article-->                                                                                                \r\n            <!--<strong>\"Abstract titles\":<\/strong>-->                                                                                        \r\n            <!--<br\/> at the end of each section!!-->                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                            \r\n        <strong>Background:<\/strong>                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                    \r\n        Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with coronary artery disease due to its atherogenic and thrombogenic nature. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of Lp(a) in young and middle-aged patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).                                                                                                                    \r\n                <br \/>                                                                                                                            \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n        <strong>Methods:<\/strong>                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                    \r\n        This retrospective study included 287 patients aged 20\u201365 years who presented to the emergency department for the first time due to STEMI. The patients were divided into two groups: 20\u201345 years (young group, n = 111) and 46\u201365 years (middle-aged group, n = 176). The groups were compared in terms of demographic characteristics, co-morbidities and laboratory findings.\r\n                                                                                                                    \r\n                <br \/>                                                                                                                            \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n        <strong>Results:<\/strong>                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                    \r\n        In the young group, smoking (99, 89.2% vs 130, 73.9%; p = 0.001), family history of coronary artery disease (75, 67.6% vs 80, 45.5; p &lt; 0.001), serum Lp(a) level [38.1 \u00b1 27.9 (93 \u00b1 68) vs 23.5 \u00b1 23.2 mg\/dl (57 \u00b1 56 nmol\/l); p &lt; 0.001], triglyceride level [219.1 \u00b1 231.9 (2.48 \u00b1 2.62) vs 170.2 \u00b1 105.6 mg\/dl (1.92 \u00b1 1.19 mmol\/l); p = 0.018), ejection fraction (52.4 \u00b1 6.1 vs 47.2 \u00b1 7.7%; p = 0.004) and single-vessel disease (83, 74.8% vs 110, 62.5%; p = 0.031) were higher than in the middle-aged group. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, family history (OR: 2.073, 95% CI: 1.210\u20133.549; p = 0.008), low high-density lipoprotin cholesterol level (OR: 1.032, 95% CI: 1.003\u20131.062; p = 0.029) and Lp(a) elevation (OR: 1.981, 95% CI: 1.871\u20133.991; p &lt; 0.001) were possible independent risk factors for STEMI in young patients.                                                                                                                                     <br \/>                                                                                                                            \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n        <strong>Conclusion:<\/strong>                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                    \r\n         : Lp(a) level was found to be a higher and a possible independent risk factor in young patients who presented with STEMI for the first time, compared to the middle-aged patient group. Lp(a) is a highly atherogenic molecule and it has been associated with stroke, heart failure, aortic stenosis, as well as coronary artery disease. Measurement of Lp(a) levels may be recommended in young patients with high cardiovascular risk.                                                                                                                    \r\n                <br \/>                                                                                                                            \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n            <\/div>                                                                                                                            \r\n        <\/div>                                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n        <div id=\"keywords\">                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                            \r\n            <strong>Keywords:<\/strong>                                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                            \r\n            <strong>lipoprotein(a), coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndrome<\/strong>                                                                                                                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n        <\/div>                                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n    <div id=\"publish-info\">                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                \r\n    <strong>Submitted:<\/strong> February 3, 2023;<!--Month day, year; -->    \r\n    <strong>Accepted:<\/strong> July 17, 2023;<!--Month day, year; -->        \r\n    <strong>Published Online First:<\/strong> August 25, 2023;<!--Month day, year; -->                                                                        \r\n    <strong>Published:<\/strong> December 15, 2024<!--Month day, year; -->                                                                                                                            <br \/>                                                            \r\n        <em>Cardiovasc J Afr 2024; <b>35<\/b>: 246-250<!--pg no. till pg no. \"eg. 4-7\"--><\/em>\r\n        <br \/><strong>Volume 35, Issue 4<\/strong> <br \/>    \r\n                             <br \/>No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).                                                                        \r\n        <\/div>                                                                                                                            \r\n                                                                                                                                        \r\n    <div id=\"DOI\">                                                                                                                    \r\n            DOI Citation Reference: dx.doi.org\/10.5830\/CVJA-2023-038<!--DOI number-->                                                                \r\n        <\/div>                                                                                                                            \r\n                    \r\n            <div id=\"author-affiliation\">                                                                                                \r\n                                                                                                                                        \r\n                <strong>Department of Cardiology, Sancaktepe Sehit Professor Doctor Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey<\/strong>    <br \/>                                                                                \r\n                                                                                                                                        \r\n                Song\u00fcl Usalp, MD <br \/>                                                                            \r\n                                                                                                                                        \r\n                Emine Altunta\u015f, MD <br \/>                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                        \r\n             Bayram Ba\u011f\u0131rtan, MD <br \/>\r\n                \r\n                Kanber \u00d6 Karabay, MD <br \/><br \/>\r\n                [soshsc hide=\"logged\"]\r\n                <strong>You need to be <a style=\"color: #c80c44;\" href=\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/member-login\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">logged in to view and download<\/a> the full text PDF version. <a style=\"color: #c80c44;\" href=\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/register\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Register for a free account?<\/a><\/strong> <br \/><br \/>[\/soshsc]\r\n                \r\n                \r\n                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n    \r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with coronary artery disease due to its atherogenic and thrombogenic nature. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of Lp(a) in young and middle-aged patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,95],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4325","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cardiovascular-topics","category-volume-35-issue-4"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study - Cardiovascular Journal of Africa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with coronary artery disease due to its atherogenic and thrombogenic nature. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of Lp(a) in young and middle-aged patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study - Cardiovascular Journal of Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with coronary artery disease due to its atherogenic and thrombogenic nature. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of Lp(a) in young and middle-aged patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cardiovascular Journal of Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-04-25T07:15:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-09T16:43:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jaco Moolman\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jaco Moolman\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/\",\"name\":\"Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study - Cardiovascular Journal of Africa\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-25T07:15:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-09T16:43:18+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/6bf8a30a039e93fd8112db707affb920\"},\"description\":\"Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with coronary artery disease due to its atherogenic and thrombogenic nature. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of Lp(a) in young and middle-aged patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/\",\"name\":\"Cardiovascular Journal of Africa\",\"description\":\"The Cardiovascular Journal of Africa is a peer-reviewed medical journal publishing leading research in cardiovascular health across Africa since 1990\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/6bf8a30a039e93fd8112db707affb920\",\"name\":\"Jaco Moolman\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/454c6719ed785bfd40e036ca3c3ac3347c56b4a99902df8beb62d882b1e6967f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/454c6719ed785bfd40e036ca3c3ac3347c56b4a99902df8beb62d882b1e6967f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Jaco Moolman\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/author\/jacodesignconnection-co-za\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study - Cardiovascular Journal of Africa","description":"Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with coronary artery disease due to its atherogenic and thrombogenic nature. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of Lp(a) in young and middle-aged patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study - Cardiovascular Journal of Africa","og_description":"Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with coronary artery disease due to its atherogenic and thrombogenic nature. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of Lp(a) in young and middle-aged patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).","og_url":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/","og_site_name":"Cardiovascular Journal of Africa","article_published_time":"2025-04-25T07:15:42+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-06-09T16:43:18+00:00","author":"Jaco Moolman","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Jaco Moolman","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/","url":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/","name":"Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study - Cardiovascular Journal of Africa","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-04-25T07:15:42+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-09T16:43:18+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/6bf8a30a039e93fd8112db707affb920"},"description":"Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with coronary artery disease due to its atherogenic and thrombogenic nature. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of Lp(a) in young and middle-aged patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2023-038\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Comparison of serum lipoprotein(a) levels in young and middle-aged patients presenting for the first time with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-centre study"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#website","url":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/","name":"Cardiovascular Journal of Africa","description":"The Cardiovascular Journal of Africa is a peer-reviewed medical journal publishing leading research in cardiovascular health across Africa since 1990","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/6bf8a30a039e93fd8112db707affb920","name":"Jaco Moolman","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/454c6719ed785bfd40e036ca3c3ac3347c56b4a99902df8beb62d882b1e6967f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/454c6719ed785bfd40e036ca3c3ac3347c56b4a99902df8beb62d882b1e6967f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Jaco Moolman"},"url":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/author\/jacodesignconnection-co-za\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4325","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4325"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4325\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4325"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4325"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}