{"id":5678,"date":"2026-08-21T08:22:49","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T06:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/?p=5678"},"modified":"2026-08-21T08:22:49","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T06:22:49","slug":"cvja-2026-041","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2026-041\/","title":{"rendered":"Factors associated with cerebrovascular complications in a cohort of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in South Africa"},"content":{"rendered":"    <div id=\"article\">                                                                                                                        \r\n        <div id=\"title-container\">                                                                                                    \r\n        <div id=\"authors-title\">                                                                                                            \r\n        <!--Aurthors under Title-->                                                                                                            \r\n            \r\nCedric Xavier Mbobnda Kapche, Alain Assounga\r\n<\/div>        \r\n<\/div>                                                                                                                            \r\n            <div id=\"copyright\">\r\n        <strong>Copyright:<\/strong> Clinics Cardive Publishing (Pty) Ltd. publisher\r\n        of Cardiovascular Journal of Africa.<\/div>\r\n    <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>                                                                                                                                \r\n        <div id=\"article-abstract\">                                                                                                            \r\n            <div id=\"abstract-title\">                                                                                                        \r\n                    Abstract                                                                                                                \r\n                <\/div>                                                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                \r\n            <div id=\"abstract-content\">                                                                                                        \r\n            <!--Content of Abstract Article-->                                                                                                \r\n            <!--<strong>\"Abstract titles\":<\/strong>-->                                                                                        \r\n            <!--<br\/> at the end of each section!!-->                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                                    \r\n\r\n        <strong>Background:<\/strong>                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                    \r\nThe prevalence of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) in individuals with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is about 6%\u201325%. This rate is higher than that of the general population and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Studies in Africa are sparse. Therefore, we aimed to describe the clinical manifestations, imaging features, and long-term prognoses of patients with cerebrovascular complications to inform screening and improve patients\u2019 awareness.\r\n<br \/>    \r\n\r\n        <strong>Methods:<\/strong>                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                    \r\nWe reviewed the records of patients with ADPKD admitted to Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital from January 2006 to June 2024. We reviewed 298 records to identify 14 patients who presented with cerebrovascular complications, including intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs), and spontaneous subdural haematoma (sSDH). We analysed their clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, and outcomes.\r\n<br \/>\r\n                \r\n                <strong>Results:<\/strong>                                                                                                    \r\nThe prevalence of cerebrovascular complications was 4.7%. Patients were predominantly men, with the median age at the time of the study being 45 years (range, 31\u201372). Black Africans and Indians\/Asians were the most represented. Ten participants presented with IAs, a prevalence of 3%, of which 5 were ruptured. These presented as ICH in 2 patients, SAH in 2 patients, and concurrent ICH and SAH in 1 patient. The remaining 5 cases were unruptured. Caucasians and Indians were more likely to present with IAs and have a family history of ADPKD. Black Africans predominantly presented with sSDH (3 out of 4) of unknown aetiology. Black Africans had a reduced risk of IA. Intracranial bleeding was significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure.\r\n<br \/>\r\n                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n        <strong>Conclusion:<\/strong>                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                    \r\nIAs and intracranial bleeds are the most common cerebrovascular events in ADPKD patients. Black Africans were less likely to present with IAs. Good blood pressure control may reduce the risk of intracranial bleed.\r\n<br \/>    \r\n                                                                                                        \r\n\r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n            <\/div>                                                                                                                            \r\n        <\/div>                                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n        <div id=\"keywords\">                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                            \r\n            <strong>Keywords:<\/strong>                                                                                                        \r\n                                                                                                                                            \r\n            <strong>autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, intracranial aneurysm, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage<\/strong>                                                                                                                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n        <\/div>                                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                                \r\n    <div id=\"publish-info\">                                                                                                                    \r\n                                                                                                                                \r\n    <strong>Submitted:<\/strong> July 11, 2025; <!--Month day, year; -->    \r\n    <strong>Accepted:<\/strong> December 19, 2025; <!--Month day, year; -->                                                                            \r\n    <strong>Published:<\/strong> August 11, 2026<!--Month day, year; -->                                                                                                                            <br \/>                                                            \r\n        <em>Cardiovasc J Afr 2025; <b>37<\/b>: 322-338<!--pg no. till pg no. \"eg. 4-7\"--><\/em>\r\n        <br \/><strong>Volume 37, Issue 3<\/strong> <br \/>                                                                            \r\n        <\/div>                                                                                                                            \r\n                                                                                                                                        \r\n    <div id=\"DOI\">                                                                                                                    \r\n            DOI Citation Reference: dx.doi.org\/10.5830\/CVJA-2026-041<!--DOI number-->                                                                \r\n        <\/div>                                                                                                                            \r\n                \r\n                <div id=\"author-affiliation\">                                                                                                \r\n\r\n\r\n<strong>Department of Nephrology, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; and Renal Unit, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, South Africa\r\n\r\n<\/strong>    <br \/>                                                                            \r\nCedric Xavier Mbobnda Kapche<br \/> \r\nAlain Assounga\r\n<br \/><br \/>   \r\n  \r\n\r\n                [soshsc hide=\"logged\"]\r\n                <strong>You need to be <a style=\"color: #c80c44;\" href=\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/member-login\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">logged in to view and download<\/a> the full text PDF version. <a style=\"color: #c80c44;\" href=\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/register\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Register for a free account?<\/a><\/strong> <br \/><br \/>[\/soshsc]\r\n                \r\n                \r\n                \r\n                <\/div>\r\n    \r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The prevalence of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) in individuals with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is about 6%\u201325%. This rate is higher than that of the general population and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Studies in Africa are sparse. Therefore, we aimed to describe the clinical manifestations, imaging features, and long-term prognoses of patients with cerebrovascular complications to inform screening and improve patients\u2019 awareness.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,111],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cardiovascular-topics","category-volume-37-issue-3"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Factors associated with cerebrovascular complications in a cohort of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in South Africa - Cardiovascular Journal of Africa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The prevalence of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) in individuals with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is about 6%\u201325%. This rate is higher than that of the general population and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Studies in Africa are sparse. Therefore, we aimed to describe the clinical manifestations, imaging features, and long-term prognoses of patients with cerebrovascular complications to inform screening and improve patients\u2019 awareness.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cvja.co.za\/journal\/cvja-2026-041\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Factors associated with cerebrovascular complications in a cohort of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in South Africa - Cardiovascular Journal of Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The prevalence of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) in individuals with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is about 6%\u201325%. This rate is higher than that of the general population and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Studies in Africa are sparse. 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