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Hydration may slow cardiac decline and reduce heart failure risk: NIH study Staying well-hydrated may slow down the decline in cardiac function and decrease the prevalence of heart failure, according to researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), reported in the European Heart Journal. While fluid guidelines vary based on the body’s needs, the researchers recommended a daily fluid intake of six to eight cups (1.5– 2.1 litres) for women and eight to 12 cups (2–3 litres) for men. Heart failure, a chronic condition that develops when the heart does not pump enough blood for the body’s needs, affects more than 6.2 million Americans, a little more than 2% of the population. It is also more common among adults aged 65 years and older. ‘Similar to reducing salt intake, drinking enough water and staying hydrated are ways to support our hearts and may help reduce long-term risks for heart disease,’ said Natalia Dmitrieva, PhD, the lead study author and a researcher in the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), part of NIH. After conducting pre-clinical research that suggested connections between dehydration and cardiac fibrosis, a hardening of the heart muscles, Dmitrieva and researchers looked for similar associations in large-scale population studies. To start, they analysed data from more than 15 000 adults, aged 45–66 years, who enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study between 1987 and 1989 and shared information from medical visits over a 25-year period. In selecting participants for their retrospective review, the scientists focused on those whose hydration levels were within a normal range and who did not have diabetes, obesity or heart failure at the start of the study. Approximately 11 814 adults were included in the final analysis, and, of those, the researchers found that 1 366 (11.56%) later developed heart failure. To assess potential links with hydration, the team assessed the hydration status of the participants, using several clinical measures. Looking at levels of serum sodium, which increases as the body’s fluid levels decrease, was especially useful in helping to identify participants with an increased risk for developing heart failure. It also helped identify older adults with an increased risk for developing both heart failure and left ventricular hypertrophy, an enlargement and thickening of the heart. continued on page 259…
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