CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 34, No 4, September/October 2023 234 AFRICA Discussion As the Chinese society is aging, the number of atrial fibrillation patients and the overall prevalence rate of atrial fibrillation is rising annually. A study by Rashid and Layland demonstrated that the prevalence rate of atrial fibrillation was 0.71% among people aged above 35 years and as high as 2.35% among those aged above 75 years in China.10 Atrial fibrillation patients have weakened atrial contractability and blood stasis, so thrombus is easily formed in the atrium, causing cerebral stroke and other thromboembolic events. Table 5. Predictive values of CTA results, RT-3D-TEE measurement parameters and CHA2DS2-VASc score for LAA thrombosis in atrial fibrillation patients analysed by ROC curves Parameters AUC 95% CI Sensitivity (%) Specificity (%) Positive predictive value (%) Negative predictive value (%) CTA 0.778 0.615–0.884 78.16 79.37 73.61 86.19 RT-3D-TEE measurement parameter 0.814 0.736–0.901 83.65 85.38 88.71 82.63 CHA2DS2VASc score 0.792 0.728–0.842 80.27 84.21 84.39 83.57 CTA, computed tomographic angiography; RT-3D-TEE, real-time three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography; AUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; LAA, left atrial appendage. CTA 1 – Specificity Sensitivity 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 CHA2052-VASc RT-30_TEE 1.0 Fig. 2. ROC curves of CTA results, RT-3D-TEE measurement parameters and CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting LAA thrombosis in atrial fibrillation patients. cactus cauliflower windsock chicken wing 14.29% 32.14% 9.82% 43.75% cauliflower windsock chicken wing cactus 7.69% 32.69% 55.77% 3.85% Fig. 1. CTA-based LAA classification and distribution of classification. A: windsock, B: chicken-wing, C: cactus, D: cauliflower, E: LAA classification in group A, F: LAA classification in group B. A E C F B D
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