CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 35, No 2, May – August 2024 92 AFRICA of < 40%. Fourteen patients were on rheumatic fever prophylaxis. All patients were on medication for HF or their co-morbidities. The majority of the patients were on medical therapy (94%) for the management of MVD. Fifty-one per cent of these patients were awaiting surgery and suffered with severe isolated MVD or MMVD and required definitive surgical management. Twelve per cent of patients underwent previous MV repair surgery and 13% had had previous percutaneous MV procedures successfully performed. No reported cases of concomitant ischaemic heart disease (IHD) were noted among the patients who underwent previous surgical or percutaneous intervention. Discussion This is the first study documenting the characteristics of patients with adult MVD in the current era. Our study patients were older compared to previous studies by Negi et al.6 and Sliwa et al.1 Better accessibility to healthcare,8 less overcrowding and improved socio-economic status are likely reasons for this finding of an older study population suffering with MVD. Female gender predominated in this study, comprising 77% of the sample. This concurs with findings from previous studies by Sliwa et al.1 and Zhang et al.5 The possible reasons include health-seeking behaviour among females18 and it has been Fig. 2. Two-dimensional long-axis view depicting myxomatous degenerative disease in a 52-year-old female with multiple scallop involvement and predominant prolapse of the anterior mitral leaflet (A) with eccentric mitral regurgitation (B). A B Mild Moderate Severe 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% MS MR MMVD 11% 39% 50% 42% 31% 39% 39% 19% 29% Fig. 3. Severity of adult MVD. Mild Moderate Severe 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% LVEF < 60% LVEF > 60% 17% 83% 58% 40% 42% 60% Fig. 5. LVEF according to severity of mitral regurgitation. LVEF < 40% LVEF 40–50% LVEF > 50% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% MS MR MMVD 1% 4% 1% 6% 31% 4% 31% 3% 19% Fig. 4. LVEF according to valve lesion.
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