CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Vol 23, No 3, April 2012
138
AFRICA
to NYHA class (
p
= 0.02), had fewer clinical signs of heart
failure (
p
= 0.007) and were more likely to report palpitations
(
p
= 0.007) at presentation. Electrocardiographically, TIC
patients had fewer Q waves (
p
= 0.002), less LV hypertrophy
(
p
= 0.004) and repolarisation abnormalities (
p
= 0.048),
and shorter QRS durations (
p
= 0.024). Six DCMO patients
had underlying paroxysmal or permanent AF. There were no
significant differences in the prevalence of LA enlargement,
LBBB, RBBB, RV
6
voltage or RV
6
/RV
max
ratio between the
two groups. Echocardiographically, pure TIC patients had
significantly smaller LVIDd (
p
< 0.001), LVIDs (
p
= 0.001)
and LA dimensions (
p
= 0.048) compared to DCMO patients at
TABLE 1. COHORT OF PUREAND IMPURE TIC PATIENTS
Patient
Age
(years)
Gender
(M/F)
NYHA
(Class)
Dyspnoea
duration
(months
Paipita-
tions
(yes/no)
Palpita-
tions dura-
tion
(months)
Rhythm
Heart rate
(bpm)
Initial
LVEF
Last
LVEF Treatment
Recurrent
TIC Alive
Pure TIC
Patient 1
30
F
3
1
Yes
1
AT
197
14% 53% Medical Rx
No
Patient 2
20
M 2
2
Yes
2
AT
136
42% 47% AT ablation
No
Patient 3
62
M 3
1
Yes
1
AF
89
30% 50% AVNA/PPM No
No
Patient 4
30
F
3
2
Yes
8
AT
128
16% 53% Medical Rx
Yes
Yes
Patient 5
68
M 3
Yes
6
AFL
148
35% 85% AFL ablation
No
Yes
Patient 6
42
M 3
2
Yes
60
AFL
102
38% 60% AFL ablation
No
Yes
Patient 7
52
F
2
3
Yes
3
AF
156
45% 54% Medical Rx
No
Yes
Patient 8
46
M 3
96
No
AF
100
21% 36% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 9
45
M 1
0
Yes
240
AFL/AF
102
49% 67% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 10 40
M 2
3
Yes
3
AFL
165
13% 63% AVNA/PPM/
AFL ablation
No
Yes
Patient 11 54
M 3
12
Yes
AF, previ-
ous AFL
84
22% *
Medical
Rx,AFL
ablation
No
Yes
Patient 12 28
M 2
1
Yes
1
AF
123
27% 35% AVNA/PPM No
Patient 13 38
M 4
Yes
AF
30% 63% Medical Rx
No
Patient 14 68
F
3
1
Yes
1
AVNRT 132
30% 40% AVNRT
ablation
No
Yes
Patient 15 17
F
3
2
Yes
2
AT
131
23% 40% Medical Rx
No
Yes
Patient 16 47
F
3
12
Yes
24
AF
126
48% 59% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 17 56
M 2
9
Yes
3
AFL
123
33% 64% AFL ablation
No
Yes
Patient 18 33
F
1
0
No
AF/WPW 240
33% 41% WPW ablation
No
Patient 19 41
M 3
1
No
AF
133
22% 49% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 20 65
M 4
8
No
0
AF
136
23% 60% AVNA/PPM No
No
Patient 21 46
M 3
1
Yes
11
AFL
144
31% 51% AFL ablation
No
Yes
Patient 22 79
F
3
1
No
0
AF
167
30% 50% Medical Rx/
AVNA/PPM
No
Patient 23 38
M 1
0
Yes
6
AF/AFL
82
40% 53% Medical Rx/
AFL ablation
Yes
Patient 24 16
M 4
0
Yes
0
Fascicular
VT
178
29% 56% VT ablation
No
Yes
Patient 25 47
M 3
12
Yes
108
AFL
95
37% 58% AFL ablation/
medical Rx
No
Yes
Patient 26 64
M 3
6
Yes
72
AFL/AF
105
37% 50% AFL ablation/
medical Rx
No
Yes
Patient 27 50
M 2
Yes
60
AF
100
41% 50% AVNA/PPM No
Patient 28 71
M 3
24
No
0
AF/AFL 130
35% 41% AFL ablation
No
Patient 29 62
M 4
3
Yes
120
AF
133
39% 45% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 30 57
M 3
36
Yes
144
AF/AFL 102
40% 50% AVNA/PPM No
Patient 31 48
M 1
0
Yes
AFL
150
42% 65% AFL ablation
No
Yes
Patient 32 55
M 2
Yes
6
AF
86
35% 49% Medical Rx
No
Yes
Patient 33 66
M 3
12
Yes
12
AF
93
38% 64% AVNA/PPM No
No
Impure TIC
Patient 34 37
F
2
Yes
0
AFL
66
38% 43% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 35 53
M 3
AFL
96
35% 48% Medical Rx
No
Patient 36 62
M 3
1
No
6
AF/AFL 102
31% 47% Medical Rx
No
Patient 37 40
F
4
0
No
Atypical
AVNRT
72
27% 64% AVNRT
ablation
No
Yes
Patient 38 52
M 4
0
AF
48% 67% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 39 63
M 3
Yes
144
AF
114
42% 54% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 40 35
M 3
Yes
12
AF
126
30% 47% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 41 56
M 3
0
Yes
3
AVRT
94
21% 48% AVRT ablation
Yes
Yes
Patient 42 20
M 3
1
Yes
1
Atypical
AFL
72
20% 51% Medical Rx
No
Yes
Patient 43 39
M 4
3
Yes
3
AF/AFL 136
19% 64% AFL ablation
No
Patient 44 25
F
4
0
Yes
0
AFL
78
17% 72% AVNA/PPM No
Yes
Patient 45 28
M 4
1
Yes
1
AVNRT
84
22% *
AVNRT abla-
tion
No
AF: atrial fibrillation, AFL: atrial flutter, AT: atrial tachycardia, AVNRT: atrio-ventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia, AVRT: atrio-ventricular re-entrant tachycardia, AVNA:
atrio-ventricular node ablation, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, NYHA: NewYork Heart Association, PPM: permanent pacemaker, Rx: treatment, VT: ventricular tachy-
cardia, WPW: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; * LVEF not documented, but improvement noted; blank space = unknown.
