Cardiovascular Journal of Africa: Vol 30 No 2 (March/April 2019)

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CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 30, No 2, March/April 2019 AFRICA 87
The pattern of risk-factor profile in Egyptian patients
with acute coronary syndrome: phase II of the Egyptian
cross-sectional CardioRisk project
Ashraf Reda, Mohamed Ashraf, Mahmoud Soliman, Hany Ragy, Ahmed El kersh, Waleed Abdou,
Tamer Mostafa, Mohammed Hassan, Elsayed Farag, Hazem Khamis, Moheb Wadie, Atef Elbahry,
Sameh Salama, Ghada Kazamel, Mohammed Sadaka, Morsy Mostafa, Akram Abd El-Bary, Osama
Sanad, Samir Rafla, Yaser Abd El-Hady, Mohammed Selim, Nabil Farag, Helmy El-Ghawaby, Hosam
Hasan-Ali, Sameh Emil, Morad Beshay, Ahmed Shawky, Mahmoud Yusef, Mohammed Abd El-Ghany,
Awni Gamal, Yaser Baghdady, Taymour Mostafa, Mohammed Zahran, Khaled Rabat, Ahmed Bendary,
Amany El Shorbagy
Abstract
Background: Egypt is the most populous country in the
Middle East and North Africa and has more than 15% of the
cardiovascular deaths in the region, but little is known about
the prevalence of traditional risk factors and treatment strate-
gies in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients across Egypt.
Methods: From November 2015 to August 2017, data were
collected from 1 681 patients with ACS in 30 coronary care
centres, covering 11 governorates across Egypt, spanning the
Mediterranean coast, Nile Delta and Upper Egypt, with a
focus on risk factors and management strategies.
Results: Women constituted 25% of the patients. Premature
ACS was common, with 43% of men aged less than 55 years,
and 67% of women under 65 years. Most men had
ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (49%), while a
larger percentage of women had unstable angina and non-
ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) (32% each; p
< 0.001). Central obesity was present in 80% of men and 89%
of women, with 32% of men and women having atherogenic
dyslipidaemia. Current smoking was reported by 62% of men
and by 72% of men under 55 years. A larger proportion of
women had type 2 diabetes (53 vs 34% of men), hypertension
(69 vs 49%), dyslipidaemia, and obesity (71 vs 41%) (p < 0.001
for all). There were no gender differences in most diagnostic
and therapeutic procedures, but among STEMI patients, 51%
of men underwent primary percutaneous coronary interven-
tion compared to 46% of women (p = 0.064).
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Menofia University, Menofia,
Egypt
Ashraf Reda, MD, FESC, ashrafreda5555@
Mahmoud Soliman, MD
Ahmed El kersh, MD
Waleed Abdou, MD
Morsy Mostafa, MRCPUK
Morad Beshay, MD
Awni Gamal, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig,
Egypt
Elsayed Farag, MD
Tamer Mostafa, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty
of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo,
Egypt
Mohammed Abd El-Ghany, MD
Yaser Baghdady, MD
Sameh Salama, MD
Mohammed Hasan, MD, PhD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, October University, Cairo,
Egypt
Hazem Khamis, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty
of Medicine, Mansoura University,
Mansoura, Egypt
Mahmoud Yusef, MD
Moheb Wadie, MD
Cardiology Unit, Port Foad Centre, Port
Foad, Egypt
Atef Elbahry, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Alexandria,
Alexandria, Egypt
Samir Rafla, MD
Mohamed Sadaka, MD
Critical Care Department, Faculty of
Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Akram Abd El Bary, MD
Helmy El-Ghawaby, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Banha University, Banha,
Egypt
Osama Sanad, MD
Khlaed El Rabat, MD
Ahmed Bendary, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Bany Swef University, Egypt
Yaser Abd El-Hady, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo,
Egypt
Nabil Farag, MD
Ahmed Shawky, MD
Mohammed Zahran, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
Hosam Hasan-Ali, MD
Cardiology Unit, Maady Military
Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
Sameh Emil, MD
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
Taymour Mostafa, MD
Department of Physiology, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Alexandria,
Alexandria, Egypt
Amany El Shorbagy, MD
National Heart Institute, Ministry of
Health, Giza, Egypt
Hany Ragy, MD
Mohammed Selim, MD
Ghada Kazamel, MD
Mohamed Ashraf, MSc