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AFRICA
Cardiovascular Journal of Africa • Volume 31, No 4 August 2020
S4
Physical activity
In 2016, the percentage of adolescents (11–17 years old) who
were insufficiently active was 87.1%.
12
For adults, the age-
standardised estimate of those who were insufficiently active
[< 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity (PA)
per week or < 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity PA per week]
was 5.8% (Table 1).
13
Overweight and obesity
In 2015, the prevalence of overweight [body mass index
(BMI) ≥ 25 to < 30 kg/m
2
] was 18.2% for men and 30.5%
for women 18−64 years old.
14
In adults, 25−64 years old,
obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m
2
) in men was 5.0%, while in women,
the prevalence was 13.0%.
14
The overall obesity prevalence
among these adults was 9.7% compared to the Global Health
Observatory (GHO) data of 13.1% (Table 1).
10
Diabetes
The percentage of the population defined with a fasting
glucose level ≥ 7.0 mmol/l or on medication for raised blood
glucose levels (age-standardised) in 2014 was 6.6 and 6.2%
for men and women, respectively.
10
Diabetes prevalence (ages
25–64 years) was 7.4%,
7
which is higher than that of 3.9%
for Africa but below the global level of 9.3% (Table 1).
15
Part C: Clinical practice and guidelines
Health system capacity
The country had an average of 0.8 physicians and 6.9 nurses
per 10 000 of the population in 2018, with seven hospital
beds per 10 000 people in 2011.
In Mozambique, locally relevant clinical tools to assess
CVD risk at a national level have been implemented.
7,16
Table 1. Cardiovascular disease indicators for Mozambique
Indicators
Male
Female
Total
Year
Status of the national CVD epidemic
Premature CVD mortality (30–70 years old) (% deaths)
-
-
8
2012
Total CVD mortality (% of deaths)
11.4
11.9
11.6 (31.8)*
2017
Total RHD mortality (% of deaths)
0.15
0.17
0.16 (.5)*
2017
DALYs attributable to CVD (%)
5.3
4.4
4.9 (14.7)*
2017
AF and atrial flutter (%)
0.11
0.09
0.1 (.5)*
2017
Prevalence of RHD (%)
-
-
3.04 (.5)*
2007
Tobacco and alcohol
Prevalence of adult tobacco use (≥ 15 years old) (%)**
22.8 (36.1)
#
3.2 (6.8)
#
14.9
2015
Prevalence of youth (13–15-year-olds) tobacco use (%)**
9.3 (18.4)
#
8.2 (8.3)
#
9.1
2013
Estimated direct (healthcare-related) cost of tobacco use in
your population (current US$)
-
-
-
2018
Proportion of premature CVD mortality attributable to tobacco (%)
-
-
- (10)*
2004
Recorded alcohol consumption per capita (≥ 15 years) (litres of pure
1.2
2016–18
alcohol) (three-year average)
Raised blood pressure and cholesterol
Population (15–64 years old) with raised blood pressure (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg
31.2 (24.1)
#
31.5 (20.1)
#
-
2015
or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg) (%)**
Population with raised TC (≥ 5.0 mmol/l) (%)
26.1
25.9
26 (38.9)
#
2008
DALYs attributable to hypertension (%)
3.8
3.2
3.5 (8.7)*
2017
Mortality caused by hypertensive heart disease (% of deaths)
0.7
1.66
1.13 (1.7)*
2017
Physical activity
Adolescents (11–17 years old) who are insufficiently active
83.0
91.3
87.1 (80.7)
#
2016
(< 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA daily) (%)
Adults (age-standardised estimate) who are insufficiently active (< 150 minutes
5.5
6.2
5.8 (27.5)
#
2012
of moderate-intensity PA per week or < 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity
PA per week) (%)
Overweight and obesity
Adults (18−64 years old) who are overweight (BMI ≥ 25–< 30 kg/m
2
) (%)**
18.2
30.5
- (38.9)
#
2015
Prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m
2
) (adults 25−64 years old) (%)**
5.0
13.0
9.7 (13.1)
#
2015
Diabetes
Defined population with fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l) or on
6.6 (9)
#
6.2 (8)
#
6.4
2014
medication for raised blood glucose (age-standardised) (%)
Prevalence of diabetes (25−64 years old) (%)**
-
-
7.4 (9.3)
##
2015
CVD, cardiovascular disease; RHD, rheumatic heart disease; DALYs, disability-adjusted life years; AF, Atrial fibrillation; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP,
diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; PA, physical activity; BMI, body mass index.
* IHME Global data exchange
5
** STEPS 2014/15
7
#
WHO GHO data
10
##
IDF
Diabetes Atlas
.
15