CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA: VOLUME 17, ISSUE
1, FEB 2006
- Title: The value of accurate
analytics in the management of cardiovascular
disease! : editorial
Authors: Delport, Rhena
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.3-5
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- Title: Clinical correlates of left
ventricular hypertrophy in black patients with
arterial hypertension : cardiovascular topics
Authors: Lepira, F.B.; Kayembe, P.K.; M'Buyamba-Kabangu, J.R.; Nseka, M.N.
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.7-11
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Abstract: Objective: To assess the relationship between the lipid profile, other cardiovascular risk factors and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in black hypertensive patients.
Materials and methods: We undertook a cross-sectional study of a case series at the hypertension clinic, University of Kinshasa Hospital. Lipids, lipoproteins and other cardiovascular risk factors were analysed in 100 consecutive hypertensive patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy was assessed by 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) using Cornell voltage index.
Results: Forty-eight hypertensive patients, 26 men and 22 women, had LVH. With univariate analysis, the patients with LVH were older (age 52 + 9 vs 45 + 9 years; p < 0.001), had higher pulse pressure levels (57 + 11 vs 50 + 15 mm Hg; p < 0, 01), and more were receiving antihypertensive treatment (68 vs 28%; p < 0.001) compared to those without LVH. With multiple logistic regression analysis, the duration of hypertension, high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and plasma glucose levels, and being on antihypertensive treatment have emerged as the main predictors of the presence of LVH. The patients with duration of hypertension two years or more (adjusted OR 7.23; 95% CI: 1.576-42.884) had a higher risk for LVH; however, those with HDL-C > 1.03 mmol/l (adjusted OR 0.19; 95% CI: 0.057-0.651), plasma glucose > 6.11 mmol/l (adjusted OR 0.19; 95% CI: 0.046- 0.828), or on treatment for hypertension (adjusted OR 0.23; 95% CI: 0.082-0.645) had a lower risk for cardiac damage compared to their respective control groups.
Conclusion: LVH is a common complication in Congolese hypertensives. Dyslipidaemia, high plasma glucose levels, the duration of hypertension and being on antihypertensive therapy appear to be the main predictors of hypertensive cardiac damage.
- Title: Cardiovascular function of
African women with different BMIs and blood
pressures : the POWIRS study : cardiovascular
topics
Authors: Schutte, Rudolph; Huisman, Hugo Willem; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Malan, Nicolaas Theodor; Underhay, Colette
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.12-18
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Abstract: Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular profiles of a group of African women with different body mass indices and blood pressures.
Materials and methods: The study included a sample of 98 apparently healthy African women. The subjects were divided into three groups: lean normotensive (lean NT), overweight / obese normotensive (OW / OB NT), and overweight / obese hypertensive (OW / OB HT). The Finometer apparatus was used to obtain a more elaborate cardiovascular profile. The lipid profile and subcutaneous fat distributions were also determined.
Results: A positive correlation between blood pressure and increased adiposity was obtained. Cardiac output (CO) was elevated in both OW/OB groups. Arterial compliance (CW) was significantly decreased and total peripheral resistance (TPR) significantly increased in the OW / OB HT group compared to the OW / OB NT group. In the total group, systolic and diastolic blood pressure could be explained best by the abdominal skinfold, which showed a direct positive association with TPR and a negative association with CW. In the OW / OB HT group, the increased TPR could best be explained by the abdominal skinfold.
Conclusions: In the OW / OB HT group, an increase in CO and decrease in vascular function led to the hypertensivity of this group. This seems to be related to a truncal, especially abdominal subcutaneous fat distribution. The decreased vascular function was reaffirmed by the pulse pressure (PP) exceeding 63 mmHg, indicating that this group was at high risk for the development of further cardiovascular complications. Lack of significant differences between the OW / OB groups for the anthropometric and lipid profile variables and the difference in age may indicate that the younger OW / OB NT group was at high risk and should be followed up in ensuing years.
- Title: The William Nelson ECG quiz
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.18, 33
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- Title: Effects and outcome of
haemodialysis on QT intervals and QT dispersion
in patients with chronic kidney disease :
cardiovascular topics
Authors: Familoni, O.B.; Alebiosu, C.O.; Ayodele, O.E.
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.19-23
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Abstract: Cardiovascular complications and sudden cardiac death are common in patients with chronic kidney disease and those on haemodialysis. This is often associated with prolonged QTc and QTc dispersion intervals.
Forty-two patients on haemodialysis were compared with 45 control subjects to study the effect of haemodialysis on these ECG parameters and to compare mortality rates of those with excessively prolonged QTc and QTc dispersion. Maximum QTcd, QTd and QTc dispersion increased with dialysis although these did not reach statistical significance. The maximum QTc was longer than 440 ms in 71.4% of patients post-dialysis, with a mortality rate of 73.3%. This was not statistically different from a mortality of 66.7% for those patients with maximum QTc less than 440 ms. Some (40.4%) of the patients had a QTc dispersion longer than 80 ms; the mortality rate of these (70.5%) was not statistically different from 68.0% for those with shorter QTc dispersion.
Arrhythmia was rare in all cases. Patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) had the longest QTc dispersion and a statistically higher mortality rate. The in-hospital mortality in our patients was high (69.0%) but this might have been related to late presentation and limited facilities and not necessarily to acute cardiovascular complications of prolonged QTc dispersion.
- Title: Left ventricular viability in
a patient with heart failure due to left main
stem stenosis, predicted by SPECT and
gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance but not
by dobutamine stress echocardiography : case
report
Authors: Smedema, J.P.; Snoep, G.; Van Kroonenburgh, M.; Eerens F.
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.24-26
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Abstract: A 54-year-old woman with occlusive disease of the distal abdominal aorta was referred for pre-operative risk assessment, and was diagnosed with severe impairment of the left ventricular function due to left main stem coronary artery stenosis.
Low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography did not demonstrate contractile reserve, while gadolinium enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) suggested viability of the left ventricle. The patient underwent coronary bypass grafting, and had an uncomplicated post-operative course, with improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction from the initial 20% to 44% after four months. The value of CMR in determining myocardial viability in left main stem stenosis has not previously been reported.
- Title: Tele-cardiology : review
article
Authors: Molefi, Moretlo; Fortuin, Jill; Wynchank, Sinclair
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.27-32
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Abstract: After defining tele-medicine, we describe its situation in the public health service of South Africa and its application to cardiology. Methods of communication relevant to tele-cardiology are outlined, together with their bearing on primary healthcare. The range of tele-cardiological applications to electrocardiology, echocardiology, auscultation, imaging and pathology are indicated. Tele-cardiology's contributions to a range of cardiological problems and types of management are described briefly. Finally, a mention is made of the relevance of tele-medicine to education and the costs related to cardiology, with an indication of some future needs for tele-cardiology.
- Title: High-Density Cholesterol :
The New Target : A Handbook for Clinicians,
Philip Barter, Kerry-Anne Rye : book review
Authors: Raal, F.J.
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.33
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- Title: New study provides convincing
data on erectile dysfunction as a major
indicator of CV risk : drug trends in cardiology
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.34
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- Title: Cardiac safety of
phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors
validated : drug trends in cardiology
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.34
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- Title: Aggressive lovastatin therapy
to ATP III guidelines shows 68% reduction in
risk of acute major coronary events : drug
trends in cardiology
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.37
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- Title: Aspirin may cut heart disease
deaths in women with heart disease : drug trends
in cardiology
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.37
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- Title: Eprosartan normalises
platelet function in hypertensive patients :
support for stroke prevention in MOSES study :
drug trends in cardiology
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.38
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- Title: Trend towards prolonged
survival in bisoprolol-first (Concor(R)) for
heart-failure trial (CIBIS III) : drug trends in
cardiology, Cardiovascular Journal of South
Africa 16(5) 2005, p.276 : erratum
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.38
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- Title: IDEAL study shows intensive
LDL cholesterol lowering in heart disease
patients reduces cardiovascular events : drug
trends in cardiology
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.40
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- Title: ASCOT study highlights
benefits of amlodipine in lowering central
aortic systolic blood pressure : drug trends in
cardiology
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.41-42
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- Title: Clinical lessons from ASCOT :
drug trends in cardiology
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.42
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- Title: Cardio news
From: Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, Vol 17, Issue 1, Jan / Feb
Published: 2006
Pages: p.44
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