Cardiovascular Journal of Africa: Vol 27 No 3 (May/June 2016)

CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 27, No 3, May/June 2016

182

AFRICA

this may provide further insight into possible differences in

non-exercise thermogenesis within these populations. Future

studies should also include subjects with a wider age range, as

cardiometabolic risk factors differ with age.

Conclusion

This study showed that black women had lower central and

greater peripheral fat compared to white women, which was

associated with lower fasting glucose concentrations in the

black women and higher TC and LDL-C concentrations in the

white women. Increased central and reduced peripheral FM

were independently associated with measures of IR in both the

black and white women. In addition to body fat distribution,

modifiable risk factors were identified, including MVPA, which

were associated with reduced IR in the white women, and

contraceptive use, which was associated with IR and lipid levels

in the black and white women. Intervention studies aimed at

reducing centralisation of body fat, increasing physical activity

and changing contraceptive use are required to verify these

findings in order to provide evidence-based guidelines for the

prevention and management of cardiometabolic risk.

This work was funded by the National Research Foundation of South Africa

(Grant No: FA2004051800040), the South African Medical Research Council

and the University of Cape Town. Opinions expressed and conclusions

arrived at are those of the authors and are not necessarily to be attributed to

the NRF. The authors acknowledge the excellent clinical and technical assis-

tance of Yael Joffe, Juliet Evans, Courtney Jennings and Hendriena Victor.

Nandipha Sinyanya is thanked for subject recruitment and translation.

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