Background Image
Table of Contents Table of Contents
Previous Page  51 / 64 Next Page
Information
Show Menu
Previous Page 51 / 64 Next Page
Page Background

CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 30, No 4, July/August 2019

AFRICA

237

Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease

and mortality in 18 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospec-

tive cohort study.

Lancet

2017;

390

(10107): 2050–2062.

13. Pickens CA, Sordillo LM, Comstock SS, Harris WS, Hortos K, Kovan

B,

et al

. Plasma phospholipids, non-esterified plasma polyunsatu-

rated fatty acids and oxylipids are associated with BMI.

Prostaglandins,

Leukotrienes Essential Fatty Acids

2015;

95

: 31–40.

14. Fretts AMMD, Siscovick DS, King IB, McKnight B, Psaty BM, Rimm

EB,

et al

. Associations of plasma phospholipid SFAs with total and

cause-specific mortality in older adults differ according to SFA chain

length.

J Nutr

2016;

146

(2): 298–305.

15. Yang WS, Chen PC, Hsu HC, Su TC, Lin HJ, Chen MF,

et al

.

Differential effects of saturated fatty acids on the risk of metabolic

syndrome: a matched case-control and meta-analysis study.

Metabolism

2018;

83

: 42–49.

16. Yamazaki Y, Kondo K, Maeba R, Nishimukai M, Nezu T, Hara H. The

proportion of nervonic acid in serum lipids is associated with serum

plasmalogen levels and metabolic syndrome.

J Oleo Sci

2014;

63

(5):

527–537.

17. Aglago EKBC, Torres-Mejía G, Angeles-Llerenas A, Gunter MJ,

Romieu I, Chajès V. Association between serum phospholipid fatty

acids levels and adiposity in Mexican women.

J Lipid Res

2017: P73643–

P73677.

18. Mayneris-Perxachs J, Guerendiain M, Castellote AI, Estruch R, Covas

MI, Fito M,

et al

. Plasma fatty acid composition, estimated desaturase

activities, and their relation with the metabolic syndrome in a popula-

tion at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Clin Nutr

2013;

33

(1): 90–97.

19. Mozaffarian D, Cao H, King IB

et al.

Circulating palmitoleic acid and

risk of metabolic abnormalities and new-onset diabetes.

Am J Clin Nutr

2010;

92

(6): 1350–1358.

20. Micallef MMI, Phang M, Garg M. Plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty

acids are negatively associated with obesity.

Br J Nutr

2009;

102

(09):

1370–1374.

21. Huang T, Bhulaidok S, Cai Z, Xu T, Xu F, Wahlqvist ML,

et al

. Plasma

phospholipids n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid is associated with meta-

bolic syndrome.

Mol Nutr Food Res

2010;

54

(11): 1628–1635.

22. Li K, Brennan L, McNulty BA, Bloomfield JF, Duff DJ, Devlin NF,

et

al

. Plasma fatty acid patterns reflect dietary habits and metabolic health:

A cross-sectional study.

Mol Nutr Food Res

2016;

60

(9): 2043–2052.

23. Kabagambe EK, Tsai MY, Hopkins PN, Ordovas JM, Peacock JM,

Borecki IB,

et al

. Erythrocyte fatty acid composition and the metabolic

syndrome: a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute GOLDN study.

Clin Chem

2008;

54

(1): 154–162.

24. Yary T, Voutilainen S, Tuomainen TP, Ruusunen A, Nurmi T, Virtanen

J. Omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, serum zinc, delta‐5‐and delta‐6‐

desaturase activities and incident metabolic syndrome.

J Hum Nutr Diet

2016;

30

(4): 506–514.

25. Fekete KGE, Lohner S, Verduci E, Agostoni C, Decsi T. Long-chain

polyunsaturated fatty acid status in obesity: a systematic review and

meta-analysis.

Obes Rev

2015;

16

(6): 488–497.

26. Michels KB, Schulze MB. Can dietary patterns help us detect diet-

disease associations?

Nutr Res Rev

2005;

18

(02): 241–248.

27. Kant AK. Dietary patterns and health outcomes.

J Am Diet Assoc

2004;

104

(4): 615–635.

28. Newby P, Tucker KL. Empirically derived eating patterns using factor or

cluster analysis: a review.

Nutr Rev

2004;

62

(5): 177–203.

29. Dahm CCG-RA, Jakobsen MU, Schmidt EB, Tjonneland A, Sorensen

TI, Overvad K. Adipose tissue fatty acid patterns and changes in

anthropometry: a cohort study.

PLoS One

2011;

6

(7): e22587–e22594.

30. Warensjo E, Sundstrom J, Lind L, Vessby B. Factor analysis of fatty

acids in serum lipids as a measure of dietary fat quality in relation to

the metabolic syndrome in men.

Am J Clin Nutr

2006;

84

(2): 442–448.

31. Teo K, Chow CK, Vaz M, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Group PI-W. The

Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study: examining the

impact of societal influences on chronic noncommunicable diseases in

low-, middle-, and high-income countries.

Am Heart J

2009;

158

(1): 1–7.

32. Kruger H, Venter C, Steyn H. A standardised physical activity ques-

tionnaire for a population in transition: the THUSA study.

Afr J Phys

Health Educ Rec Dance

2000;

6

: 54–64.

33. MacIntyre U, Venter C, Vorster H. A culture-sensitive quantitative food

frequency questionnaire used in an African population: 1. Development

and reproducibility.

Public Health Nutr

2001;

4

(01): 53–62.

34. MacIntyre U, Venter C, Vorster H. A culture-sensitive quantitative

food frequency questionnaire used in an African population: 2. Relative

validation by 7-day weighed records and biomarkers.

Public Health Nutr

2001;

4

(01): 63–71.

35. Venter C, MacIntyre U, Vorster H. The development and testing of a

food portion photograph book for use in an African population.

J Hum

Nutr Diet

2000;

13

(3): 205–218.

36. Wolmarans P, Danster N, Dalton A, Rossouw K, Schönfeldt H.

Condensed food composition tables for South Africa. Medical Research

Council, Cape Town, South Africa, 2010.

37. Marfell-Jones MJ, Stewart A, de Ridder J. International standards for

anthropometric assessment. Australia: National Library of Australia,

2012.

38. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentra-

tion of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the

preparative ultracentrifuge.

Clin Chem

1972;

18

(6): 499–502.

39. Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanley G. A simple method for the isolation

and purification of total lipids from animal tissues.

J Biol Chem

1957;

226

(1): 497–509.

40. Baumgartner J, Smuts CM, Malan L, Kvalsvig J, van Stuijvenberg ME,

Hurrell RF,

et al

. Effects of iron and n-3 fatty acid supplementation,

alone and in combination, on cognition in school children: a rand-

omized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention in South Africa.

Am J Clin Nutr

2012;

96

(6): 1327–1338.

41. Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato

KA,

et al

. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim

statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on

Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood

Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation;

International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for

the Study of Obesity.

Circulation

2009;

120

(16): 1640–1645.

42. Pautz N, Olivier B, Steyn F. The use of parametric effect sizes in single

study musculoskeletal physiotherapy research: A practical primer.

Phys

Ther Sport

2018;

32

: 87–97.

43. Richter M, Baumgartner J, Wentzel-Viljoen E, Smuts CM. Different

dietary fatty acids are associated with blood lipids in healthy South

African men and women: the PURE study.

Int J Cardiol

2014;

172

(2):

368–374.

44. SAS II, inventor. The SAS System for Windows Release 9.4 TS Level

1M3 Copyright

©

by SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA2016.

45. Salehi-Abargouei A, Esmaillzadeh A, Azadbakht L, Keshteli AH, Feizi

A, Feinle-Bisset C,

et al

. Nutrient patterns and their relation to general

and abdominal obesity in Iranian adults: findings from the SEPAHAN

study.

Eur J Nutr

2016;

55

(2): 505–518.

46. Raatz SK, Conrad Z, Johnson LK, Picklo MJ, Jahns L. Relationship of

the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults.

Nutrients

2017;

9

(5): 438–450.

47. Xia Y, Gu Y, Yu F, Zhang Q, Liu L, Meng G,

et al

. Association between