Cardiovascular Journal of Africa: Vol 30 No 5 (October 2019)

CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 30, No 5, September/October 2019

AFRICA

261

Although the fourth quartile of all measures of adiposity

had significantly higher SBP, DBP and PP, only WC conferred a

significantly (

0.001) greater risk (1.7 times) for hypertension.

This finding is in agreement with Dong

et al

who highlighted

the importance of increased WC on the risk of hypertension in

children. The retrospective study of data from the NHANES

study showed that WC was associated with higher blood pressure

in children and adolescents.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that the prevalence of hypertension

and pre-hypertension was higher in 10- to 14-year-old girls

than boys. The relative risk of having hypertension in this study

cohort was greater in children who had larger WC. The linear

relationship between blood pressure and BMI, WC, TFM and

WHtR in children was weak. However, SBP, DBP, PP and mean

arterial pressure increased with increasing quartiles of BMI,

WC, TFM and WHtR. Consequently, the greatest prevalence of

hypertension and pre-hypertension was in overweight and obese

children, therefore confirming the role of increasing levels of

adiposity in the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension

in 10- to 14-year-old children in the Eastern Cape.

Financial support for this work was received from the NRF grant no: 106066

and 82177 and the Walter Sisulu University Research Fund. The findings

expressed in this article are those of the authors.

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