CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Vol 23, No 1, February 2012
AFRICA
e21
Cardiovascular Topics
CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Vol 22, No 5, September/October 2011
AFRICA
277
6. Khairy P, O’Donnell CP, Landzberg MJ. Transcatheter closure versus
medical therapy of patent foramen ovale and presumed paradoxical
thromboemboli: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med
2003;
139
:
753–760.
7. Musto C, Cifarelli A, Pandolfi A,
et al
. Transcatheter closure of patent
foramen ovale associated with atrial septal aneurysm with Amplatzer
cribriform septal occluder
. J
Invas Cardiol
2009;
21
: 290–293.
8. Agmon Y, Khandheira BK, Meissner I,
et al.
Frequency of atrial septal
aneurysm in patients with cerebral ischemic events.
Circulation
1999;
99
: 1942–1944.
9. Knebel F, Masuhr F, von Hausen W,
et al.
Transesophageal echocar-
diography in patients with cryptogenic cerebral ischemia.
Cardiovasc
Ultrasound
2010;
7
: 15.
10. Gupta N, Lau C, Al-Dehneh A,
et al
. Importance of performing
transesophageal echocardiography in acute stroke patients older than
fifty.
Echocardiography
2010 Jun 4. [Epub ahead of print]
11. Brand A, Keren A, Branski D,
et al.
Natural course of atrial septal aneu-
rysm in children and the potential for spontaneous closure of associated
septal defect
. Am J Cardiol
1989;
64
: 996–1001.
12. Uneo Y, Shimada Y, Tanaka R,
et al
. Patent foramen ovale with septal
aneurysm may contribute to white matter lesions in stroke patients.
Cerebrovasc Dis
2010;
30
: 15–22.
13. Dalen JE, Stein PD, Matta F. Patent foramen ovales and cryptogenic
strokes: another look.
Am J Med
2011;
124
: 2–3.
14. Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Pezzini A,
et al
. Risk of recurrent cerebrovas-
cular events in patients with cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic
attack and patent foramen ovale: the FORI (Foramen Ovale Registro
Italiano) study.
Cerebrovasc Dis
2011;
31
: 109–116.
15. Tobis J. Patent foramen ovale and migraine headaches: the saga contin-
ues.
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv
2011;
77
: 575–576.
16. O’Gara PT, Messe SR, Tuzcu EM, Catha G, Ring JC. Percutaneous
device closure of patent foramen ovale for secondary stroke prevention:
a call for completion of randomized clinical trials. A science advisory
from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association and
the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
J Am Coll Cardiol
2009;
53
: 2014–2018.
17. Alebegovic J, Bonvini R, Sigwart U,
et al
. The role of balloonsizing
in selection of the patent foramen ovale closure device size.
Exp Clin
Cardiol
2008;
13
: 42–46.
18. El Said, McMahon CJ, Mullins CE,
et al
. Patent foramen ovale
morphology and impact on percutaneous device closure.
Pediatr
Cardiol
2005;
26
: 62–65.
19. Mareedu RK, Shah MS, Mesa JE, McCauley S. Percutaneous closure
of patent foramen ovale: a case series and literature review.
Clin Med
Res
2007;
5
: 218–226.
20. Yared K, Baggish AL, Solis J,
et al
. Echocardiographic assessment
of percutaneous patent foramen ovale and atrial septal defect closure
complications.
Circ Cardiovasc Imaging
2009;
2
: 141–149.
to ‘plug’
d by the
trievable
hich can
elivered
nestrated
FO with
ler more
stroke – a meta-analysis of case-control studies.
Neurology
2000;
55
:
1172–1179.
3. Negrão EM, Brandi IV, Nunes SV,
et al
. Patent foramen ovale and
ischemic stroke in young people: statistical association or causal rela-
tion?
Arq Bras Cardiol
2007;
88
: 514–520.
4. Mas JL, Arquizan C, Lamy C,
et al
. Recurrent cerebrovascular events
associated with patent foramen ovale, atrial septal aneurysm or both.
N
Engl J Med
2001;
345
: 1740–1746.
5. Leurmans JGLM, Post HWM, ten Berg JM,
et al.
Complications and
mid-term outcome after percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure in
patients with cryptogenic stroke.
Neth Heart J
2008;
16
: 332–336.
CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Vol 22, No 5, September/October 2011
AFRICA
277
6. Khairy P, O’Donnell CP, Landzberg MJ. Transcatheter closure versus
med cal therapy of patent foram n ovale and presumed pa adoxical
thromboemboli: a sys matic review.
Ann Inte n M
2003;
139
:
753–760.
7. Musto C, Cifarelli A, Pandolfi A,
et al
. Transcatheter closure of patent
foramen ovale associated with atrial sept l aneurysm with Ampl zer
cribriform sept l oc luder
. J
Inv s Cardiol
2009;
21
: 290–293.
8. Agmon Y, Khandheira BK, Meissner I,
et al.
Frequency of atrial septal
aneurysm in patients with cer bral isch mic ev nts.
Circul ion
1999;
99
: 1942–1944.
9. Knebel F, Masuhr F, von Hausen W,
et al.
Transesophageal echocar-
diography in patients with cryptogenic cerebr l ischemia.
Cardi vasc
Ultrasound
2010;
7
: 15.
10. Gupta N, Lau C, Al-Dehneh A,
et al
. Importance of performing
transesophageal echocardiography in acute str ke patients olde than
fifty.
Echocardiography
2010 Jun 4. [Ep b ahead of pr nt]
11. Brand A, Keren A, Branski D,
et al.
Natural course of atrial septal aneu-
rysm in children and the potential for spontaneous closure of associated
septal defect
. Am J Cardiol
1989;
64
: 996–1001.
12. Uneo Y, Shimada Y, Tanaka R,
et al
. Patent foramen ovale with septal
aneurysm may contribute to white m tt r lesions in stroke pati n s.
Cerebrovasc Dis
2010;
30
: 15–22.
13. Dal n JE, Stein PD, Matta F. Patent foramen ovales and cryptogenic
strokes: another look.
Am J Med
2011;
124
: 2–3.
14. Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Pezzini A,
et al
. Risk of recurrent cerebrovas-
cular events in patients with cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic
attack and patent foramen ovale: he FORI (Foramen Ovale Registro
Italiano) study.
Cerebrovasc Dis
2011;
31
: 109–116.
15. Tobis J. Patent foramen ovale and migraine headaches: the saga contin-
ues.
Cathe r Ca diovasc Interv
2011;
77
: 575–576.
16. O’Gar PT, Messe SR, Tuzcu EM, Catha G, Ring JC. Percutaneous
device closure of patent foramen ovale for secondary stroke preve ti n:
a call for completion of randomized clinical trials. A science advis ry
from the American Heart Ass ciation/American Stroke Association and
the Am rican Colleg of Card ol gy Found tion.
J Am Coll Cardiol
2009;
53
: 2014–2018.
17. Alebegovic J, Bonvini R, Sigwart U,
et al
. The role of balloonsizing
in selection of the patent foramen ovale closur device size.
Exp Clin
Cardiol
2008;
13
: 42–46.
18. El Said, McMahon CJ, Mullins CE,
et al
. Patent foramen ovale
morphology and impact on percutaneous devic closure.
Pedi tr
Ca diol
2005;
26
: 62–65.
19. Mareedu RK, Shah MS, Mesa JE, McCauley S. Percutaneous closure
of patent foramen ovale: a case series and literature review.
Clin Med
Res
2007;
5
: 218–226.
20. Yared K, Baggish AL, Solis J,
et al
. Echocardiographic assessment
of percutaneous patent foramen ovale and atrial septal defect closure
complications.
Circ Cardiovasc Imaging
2009;
2
: 141–149.
transesophageal echocardiography in acute stroke patients older than
fifty.
Echocardiography
2010 Jun 4. [Epub ahead of print]
11. Brand A, Keren A, Branski D,
et al.
Natural course of atrial septal aneu-
rysm in children and the potential for spontaneous closure of associated
septal defect
. Am J Cardiol
1989;
64
: 996–1001.
12. Uneo Y, Shimada Y, Tanaka R,
et al
. Patent foramen ovale with septal
aneurysm may contribute to white matter lesions in stroke patients.
Cerebrovasc Dis
2010;
30
: 15–22.
13. Dalen JE, Stein PD, Matta F. Patent foramen ovales and cryptogenic
strokes: another look.
Am J Med
2011;
124
: 2–3.
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