Background Image
Table of Contents Table of Contents
Previous Page  50 / 66 Next Page
Information
Show Menu
Previous Page 50 / 66 Next Page
Page Background

CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 32, No 3, May/June 2021

160

AFRICA

4.

Habib S, Saha S. Burden of non-communicable disease: Global overview.

Diabetes Metab Syndr

2010;

4

(1): 41–47.

5.

Bryer A. The need for a community-based model for stroke care in South

Africa.

S Afr Med J

2009;

99

: 574–575.

6.

Statistics South Africa. Mortality and causes of death in South Africa,

2016: findings from death notification. Statistical Release P0309.3. Pretoria.

StatsSA, 2018.

7.

National Department of Health. Strategic Plan for the Prevention and

Control of Non-Communicable Diseases 2013–2017. Pretoria: NDoH, 2012.

8.

Heart and Stroke Foundation South Africa. Heart and Stroke Foundation

South Africa Cardiovascular Disease Statistics Reference Document.

Vlaeberg: HSFSA, 2016.

9.

Steyn K. In: Fourie JM (ed).

Heart Disease in South Africa

. Cape Town:

Heart and Stroke Foundation South Africa, 2007.

10. Maredza M, Bertram MY, Tollman SM. Disease burden of stroke in rural

South Africa: an estimate of incidence, mortality and disability adjusted life

years.

BMC Neurol

2015;

15

: 54.

11. Rossouw JE, Jooste PL, Steenkamp HJ, Thompson ML, Jordaan PC,

Swanepoel AS. Socio-economic status, risk factors and coronary heart

disease. The CORIS baseline study.

S Afr Med J

1990;

78

: 82–85.

12. Joubert J, McLean CA, Reid CM, Davel D, Pilloy W, Delport R, Steyn L,

Walker ARP. Ischemic heart disease in black South African stroke patients.

Stroke

2000;

31

: 1294–1298.

13. Connor MD, Thorogood M, Casserly B, Dobson C, Warlow CP; SASPI

Project Team. Prevalence of stroke survivors in rural South Africa: results

from the Southern Africa Stroke Prevention Initiative (SASPI) Agincourt

field site.

Stroke

2004;

35

: 627–632.

14. Loock M, Steyn K, Becker P, Fourie J. Coronary heart disease and risk

factors in black South Africans: a case–control study.

Ethn Dis

2006;

16

:

872–879.

15. Kalk WJ, Joffe BI. Differences in coronary heart disease prevalence and risk

factors in African and white patients with type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes Res Clin

Pract

2007;

77

: 107–112.

16. Pillay-van Wyk, V, Gbabe O, Roomaney R, Nglazi MD. YLD calculations

for the 2nd national burden of disease Cape Town: South African Medical

Research Council, 2015.

17. Dohoo I, MartinW, StryhnH. In: McPike SM (ed).

Methods in Epidemiologic

Research

. 1st edn. Canada: VER inc, 2012: 779–812.

18. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials.

Control Clin Trials

1986;

7

: 177–188.

19. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials revisited.

Contemp

Clin Trials

2015;

45

:139–145.

20. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency

in meta-analyses.

Br Med J

2003;

327

: 557–560.

21. Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis.

Stat Med

2002;

21

: 1539–1558.

22. StataCorp. 2017. Stata Statistical Software: Release 15. College Station, TX:

StataCorp LLC.

23. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG; PRISMA Group. Preferred

reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA state-

ment.

PLoS Med

2009;

6

: e1000097.

24. Department of Health, Medical Research Council, Measure DHS+. 2002.

South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 1998. Pretoria: Department

of Health.

25. Department of Health, Medical Research Council, OrcMacro. 2007

.

South

Africa Demographic and Health Survey 2003. Pretoria: Department of

Health.

26. Phaswana-Mafuya N, Peltzer K, Chirinda W, Musekiwa A, Kose Z, Hoosain

E,

et al

. Self-reported prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and

associated factors among older adults in South Africa.

Glob Health Action

2013;

6

: 20936.

27. Shisana O, Labadarios D, Rehle T, Simbayi L, Zuma K, Dhansay A,

et

al

. South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

(SANHANES-1). Cape Town: Health Sciences Research Council, 2014.

28. Arokiasamy P, Uttamacharya, Kowal P, Capistrant BD, Gildner TE, Thiele

E,

et al

. Chronic noncommunicable diseases in 6 low- and middle-income

countries: findings from wave 1 of the World Health Organization’s study on

global ageing and adult health (SAGE).

Am J Epidemiol

2017;

185

: 414–428.

29. Wandai M, Day C. Trends in risk factors for non-communicable diseas-

es in South Africa. Health Systems Trust, 2015.

https://www.hst.org.

za/publications/HST%20Publications/Trends_NCD_SA_HST_28Aug2015.

pdf#search=trends%20in%20risk%20factors.

30. Adeloye D. An estimate of the incidence and prevalence of stroke in Africa: a

systematic review and meta-analysis.

PLoS One

2014;

9

: e100724.

31. Connor MD, Thorogood M, Modi G, Warlow CP. The burden of stroke in

sub-Saharan Africa.

Am J Prev Med

2007;

33

(2): 172–173.

32. Luepker RV, Apple FS, Christenson RH, Crow RS, Fortmann SP,

Goff D,

et al.

; AHA Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; AHA

Statistics Committee; World Heart Federation Council on Epidemiology

and Prevention; European Society of Cardiology Working Group

on Epidemiology and Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Case defini-

tions for acute coronary heart disease in epidemiology and clinical

research studies: a statement from the AHA Council on Epidemiology

and Prevention; AHA Statistics Committee; World Heart Federation

Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; the European Society of

Cardiology Working Group on Epidemiology and Prevention; Centers

for Disease Control and Prevention; and the National Heart, Lung, and

Blood Institute.

Circulation

2003;

108

: 2543–2549.

33. Mentz G, Schulz AJ, Mukherjee B, Ragunathan TE, Perkins DW, Israel

BA. Hypertension: development of a prediction model to adjust self-

reported hypertension prevalence at the community level.

BMC Health

Serv Res

2012;

12

: 312.

34. Thomas J 3rd, Paulet M, Rajpura JR. Consistency between self-report-

ed and recorded values for clinical measures.

Cardiol Res Pract

2016;

2016

: 4364761.

35. Williams JH, Duncan DT, Cantor JH, Elbel BD, Ogedegbe O, Ravenell JE.

A comparison of measured and self-reported blood pressure status among

low-income housing residents in New York city

. J Health Dispar Res

2016;

9

: 153–165.

36. Taylor A, Dal Grande E, Gill T, Pickering S, Grant J, Adams R, Phillips P.

Comparing self-reported and measured high blood pressure and high choles-

terol status using data from a large representative cohort study.

Aust N Z J

Public Hlth

2010;

34

: 394–400.

37. YuyunMF, Sliwa K, Kengne AP, Mocumbi AO, BukhmanG. Cardiovascular

diseases in sub-Saharan Africa compared to high-income countries: an

epidemiological perspective.

Glob Heart

2020;

15

(1): 15.

38. Owolabi M, Olowoyo P, Popoola F,

et al

. The epidemiology of stroke in

Africa: A systematic review of existing methods and new approaches.

J Clin

Hypertens

(Greenwich) 2018;

20

: 47–55.

39. Johnson W, Onuma O, Owolabi M, Sachdev S. Stroke: a global response is

needed.

Bull World Hlth Org

2016;

94

: 634–634A.

40. Ammar KA, Kors JA, Yawn BP, Rodeheffer RJ. Defining unrecognized

myocardial infarction: a call for standardized electrocardiographic diagnostic

criteria.

Am Heart J

2004;

148

(2): 277–284.

41. Owolabi MO, Akarolo-Anthony S, Akinyemi R,

et al.

The burden of stroke

in Africa: a glance at the present and a glimpse into the future.

Cardiovasc J

Afr

2015;

26

(2 Suppl 1): S27–S38.

42. Kengne AP, Anderson CS. The neglected burden of stroke in sub-

Saharan Africa.

Int J Stroke

2006;

1

(4): 180–190.