Clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes of patients with STEMI treated by percutaneous coronary intervention in a military hospital in Senegal

Serigne Cheikh Tidiane Ndao, Waly Niang Mboup, Mame Madjiguène Ka, Khadidiatou Dia, Rabab Yassin, Papa Momar Guissé, Mouhamed Cherif Mboup

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of in-hospital acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has risen from 4% to 10% in Dakar cardiology departments over the past 15 years, while the management of patients with persistent ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has improved thanks to the availability of catheterisation laboratories in multiple hospitals of the Senegalese capital, including our centre at Hôpital Principal Dakar (HPD). The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and short-term prognosis of patients with STEMI treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods: We conducted a single-centre descriptive study using prospective data collection from September 2020 to July 2022, including all patients with STEMI PCI-treatment at Hôpital Principal Dakar (HPD).
Results: Out of 1146 patients admitted to HPD's cardiology department, 156 (13.61%) had STEMI. Of whom 58.97% underwent PCI. The mean age of STEMI patients with PCI was 60 years, and 78.26% were male. 90.2% consulted within 12 hours, with an average time of 3.26 ± 3 hours. Almost all patients (98.9%) were in Killip class II. 84.8% had a qualifying ECG within the first 12 hours, with a mean of 3.95 ± 2.95 hours. Thrombolysis was performed in 10.86%. The radial approach was used in 89% of cases, and primary PCI was performed in 71.73% of patients. A drug- eluting stent was exclusively implanted in 95.65% of cases. PCI was successful in 98.91% of patients. Three non-fatal periprocedural complications were noted. The in-hospital mortality rate was 4.34%.
Conclusion: At HPD, the prognosis of STEMI has been improved by coronary angioplasty, albeit with delays in management still to be perfected.