Copyright: Clinics Cardive Publishing (Pty) Ltd. publisher
of Cardiovascular Journal of Africa.
Abstract
Aim:
In this study our aim was to determine the effect of resting heart rate (HR) on the development of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO).
Methods: A total of 219 patients who had CTO on their coronary angiography were divided into two groups according to their collateral status. CCC was graded by Rentrop Classification.
Results: Patients with poor collaterals had significantly higher resting HR (79±13.9 vs 74.3±10.5, p=0.005) compared to patients with well collaterals. According to backward logistic regression analyses low HR (OR:0.974, p=0.033), high ejection fraction (OR:1.026, p=0.043) and the presence of CTO at the right coronary artery (OR:3.201, p<0.001) were found to be significantly related with coronary collateral development.
Conclusion: Increased heart rate was found to be a risk factor for poor collateral formation.
Methods: A total of 219 patients who had CTO on their coronary angiography were divided into two groups according to their collateral status. CCC was graded by Rentrop Classification.
Results: Patients with poor collaterals had significantly higher resting HR (79±13.9 vs 74.3±10.5, p=0.005) compared to patients with well collaterals. According to backward logistic regression analyses low HR (OR:0.974, p=0.033), high ejection fraction (OR:1.026, p=0.043) and the presence of CTO at the right coronary artery (OR:3.201, p<0.001) were found to be significantly related with coronary collateral development.
Conclusion: Increased heart rate was found to be a risk factor for poor collateral formation.
Keywords:
Coronary artery disease, collateral formation, chronic total occlusion
Submitted: July 6, 2024;
Accepted: November 19, 2024;
Published: November 19, 2025
Cardiovasc J Afr 2025; 36: 597-602
Volume 36, Issue 4
Cardiovasc J Afr 2025; 36: 597-602
Volume 36, Issue 4
DOI Citation Reference: dx.doi.org/10.5830/CVJA-2025-084