58 / 76
CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Volume 28, No 2, March/April 2017
124
AFRICA
of dilated aorta was induced by the surgical interventions
performed on the aorta. However, since clinical progression
of these cases is unpredictable, periodic echocardiographic or
CT angiographic monitoring of these patients is required, with
regard to the development of aortic dissection and aneurysm.
References
1.
Kızıltan HT, Baltalı M, Kayaselçuk F, Korkmaz ME, Müderriso
ğ
lu H,
Ta
ş
delen,
et al
. Histopathological changes associated with ascending
aortic dilatation.
Turkish J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
2002;
10
: 206–210.
2.
Fedak PW, de Sa MP, Verma S, Nili N, Kazemian P, Butany J Vascular
matrix remodeling in patients with bicuspid aortic valve malformations:
implications for aortic dilatation.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
2003;
126
(3):
797–806. Doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(03)00398-2.
3.
Hirose Y1, Hamada S, Takamiya M, Imakita S, Naito H, Nishimura
T. Aortic aneurysms: growth rates measured with CT.
Radiology
1992;
185
: 249–252. Doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.185.1.1523317.
4.
Ergin MA, Spielvogel D, Apaydin A, Lansman SL, McCullough JN,
Galla JD, Griepp RB. Surgical treatment of the dilated ascending aorta:
When and how?
Ann Thorac Surg
1999;
67
: 1834–1839.
5.
Kaya A, Kaya Y, Gunaydin ZY, Enginyurt O, Polat YK, Topcu S,
et
al
. Relationship between serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels with
ascending aortic dilatation.
Eurasian J Med
2014;
46
(2): 89–95.
6.
Davies RR, Goldstein LJ, Coady MA, Tittle SL, Rizzo JA, Kopf GS,
et al
. Yearly rupture or dissection rates for thoracic aortic aneurysms:
Simple prediction based on size.
Ann Thorac Surg
2002;
73
: 17–27;
Discussion 27–28. PMID:11834007.
7.
Lung B, Gohlke-Bärwolf C, Tornos P, Tribouilloy C, Hall R, Butchart
E, Vahanian A. Recommendations on the management of the asymp-
tomatic patient with valvular heart disease
. Eur Heart J
2002;
23
(16):
1253–1266. PMID: 12698958.
8.
ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases.
Eur
Heart J
2014;
35
: 2873–2926
9.
Keane MG, Wiegers SE, Plappert T, Pochettino A, Bavaria JE, Sutton
MG. Bicuspid aortic valves are associated with aortic dilatation out of
proportion to coexistent valvular lesions.
Circulation
2000;
102
(19 Suppl
3): III35–39. Doi: 10.1161/01.CIR. 102.suppl_3.III-35.
10. Kawachi Y, Nakashima A, Kosuga T, Tomoeda H, Toshima Y,
Nishimura Y. Comparative study of the natural history and operative
outcome in patients 75 years and older with thoracic aortic aneurysm.
Circ J
2003;
67
: 592–596. Doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.67.592.
11. Andrus BW, O’Rourke DJ, Dacey LJ, Palac RT. Stability of ascending
aortic dilatation following aortic valve replacement.
Circulation
2003;
108
(Suppl 1): II295–299. Doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000087385.63569.79.
12. Natsuaki M, Itoh T, Rikitake K, Okazaki Y, Naitoh K. Aortic compli-
cations after aortic valve replacement in patients with dilated ascending
aorta and aortic regurgitation.
J Heart Valve Dis
1998;
7
: 504–509.
PMID: 9793846.
13. Songur CM, Erdolu B, Rabus
̧
MB, Aydın C, Yılmaz E, Ulus T. Aortic
pathologies after cardiac surgery.
Türk Gö
ğ
üs Kalp Damar Cer Derg
2013;
21
(1): 21–25. Doi: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2013.6897.
14. Atik FA, Navia JL, Svensson LG, Vega PR, Feng J, Brizzio ME,
et al.
Surgical treatment of pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta.
J Thorac
Cardiovasc Surg
2006;
132
(2): 379–385. Doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.03.052.
15. Stowe CL, Baertlein MA, Wierman MD, Rucker M, Ebra G. Surgical
management of ascending and aortic arch disease: refined techniques
with improved results.
Ann Thorac Surg
1998;
66
(2): 388–395. Doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00535-9.
16. Jault F, Nataf P, Rama A, Fontanel M, Vaissier E, Pavie A,
et al
.
Chronic disease of the ascending aorta. Surgical treatment and long-
term results.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
1994;
108
(4): 747–754. PMID:
7934112.
17. Fedakar A, Fındık O, Bu
ğ
ra O, Kalender M, Konuko
ğ
lu O, Balkanay
M,
et al.
Evaluation of coronary artery disease and other risk factors in
patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Türk Gö
ğ
üs Kalp Damar Cer
Derg
2011;
19
(4): 545–550. Doi: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2011.085.
18. Xu C, Zarins CK, Glagov S. Aneurysmal and occlusive atherosclerosis
of the human abdominal aorta.
J Vasc Surg
2001;
33
: 91–96. Doi: http://
dx.doi.org/10.1067/mva.2001.109744.
19. Ghosh A, Pechota A, Coleman D, Upchurch GR Jr, Eliason JL.
Cigarette smoke-induced MMP2 and MMP9 secretion from aortic
vascular smooth cells is mediated via the Jak/Stat pathway.
Hum
Pathol
2015;
46
(2): 284–294. Doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.
2014.11.003.
20. Matsuyama K, Usui A, Akita T, Yoshikawa M, Murayama M, Yano
T,
et al
. Natural history of a dilated ascending aorta after aortic valve
replacement.
Circ J
2005;
69
: 392–396. Doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.69.392.
21. Kuralay E, Demirkilic U, Ozal E, Oz BS, Cingoz F, Gunay C,
et al
.
Surgical approach to ascending aorta in bicuspid aortic valve.
J Card
Surg
2003;
18
: 173–180. Doi: 10.1046/j.1540-8191.2003.02025.x.
22. Bonser CR, Pagano D, Lewis ME, Rooney SJ, Guest P, Davies P,
et al
.
Clinical and patho-anatomical factors affecting expansion of thoracic
aortic aneurysms.
Heart
2000;
84
: 277–283. Doi: 10.1136/heart. 84.3.277.